Throughout the Classical Era, Georgia consisted of several distinct kingdoms, including Colchis and Iberia. The unified Georgian kingdom experienced a period of great prosperity during the reigns of King David the Builder and Queen Tamar the Great in the 12th and early 13th centuries.

In 1921, Russia completely occupied Georgia for 70 years. During World War II, nearly 700,000 Georgians fought in the Red Army against Germany. Joseph Stalin, originally from Georgia, died in 1953, marking the beginning of the collapse of the Soviet Union and an Important point in Georgia’s History.

By the 1980s, an independence movement emerged in Georgia, leading to the country’s secession from the Soviet Union in April 1991. Following this, Georgia faced civil conflicts, secessionist wars in Abkhazia and South Ossetia, and a major economic crisis.

After the peaceful Rose Revolution in 2003, for the first time in Georgia’s history, It actively pursued a pro-Western foreign policy and implemented democratic and economic reforms to strengthen its institutions. However, this angered Russia, increasing tensions and the loss of Georgian territories during the Russia-Georgia war on August 8, 2008.

Georgia remains a developing country and is ranked 70th on the Human Development Index. It is a member of the United Nations, The Council of Europe, and the GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development. Georgia contains two regions, Abkhazia and South Ossetia, which are considered de facto independent and has limited international recognition following the 2008 Russo-Georgian War. Despite this, Georgia and most countries in the world recognize these regions as Georgian territory under Russian occupation.