History Georgia Country
Throughout the Classical Era, Georgia consisted of several distinct kingdoms, including Colchis and Iberia. The unified Georgian kingdom experienced a period of great prosperity during the reigns of King David the Builder and Queen Tamar the Great in the 12th and early 13th centuries.
In 1921, Russia completely occupied Georgia for 70 years. During World War II, nearly 700,000 Georgians fought in the Red Army against Germany. Joseph Stalin, originally from Georgia, died in 1953, marking the beginning of the collapse of the Soviet Union and an Important point in Tblisi Georgia’s History.
By the 1980s, an independence movement emerged in Georgia, leading to the country’s secession from the Soviet Union in April 1991. Following this, Georgia faced civil conflicts, secessionist wars in Abkhazia and South Ossetia, and a major economic crisis.
After the peaceful Rose Revolution in 2003, for the first time in Georgia’s history, It actively pursued a pro-Western foreign policy and implemented democratic and economic reforms to strengthen its institutions. However, this angered Russia, increasing tensions and the loss of Georgian territories during the Russia-Georgia war on August 8, 2008.
Georgia remains a developing country and is ranked 70th on the Human Development Index. It is a member of the United Nations, The Council of Europe, and the GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development. Georgia contains two regions, Abkhazia and South Ossetia, which are considered de facto independent and has limited international recognition following the 2008 Russo-Georgian War. Despite this, Georgia and most countries in the world recognize these regions as Georgian territory under Russian occupation.
Georgia history in prehistoric times
As mentioned earlier, in Georgia history, the first presence of humans in Georgia dates back to the Paleolithic era, which goes back millions of years. During this time, humans naturally lived in caves and used stone tools, but the Neolithic Revolution brought about dramatic changes in the region, including the formation of complex societies and the development of agriculture.
Also, during the early Iron Age, Georgia made great advances. Georgia has had successes in the field of economy. Thus, at the end of the second half of the second millennium BC, conditions arose in Georgia that prepared it to reach a class society.
Georgia history in the classical era
In the fourth to sixth centuries BC, the Kingdom of Iberia was formed. The foundation of this kingdom was established in Georgia by Parnavaz I. The period of the Kingdom of Iberia was a period of peace and tranquility in Georgia. But after that in the 13th century AD, with the Mongols’ attack on Georgia and even in the years after that, Georgia entered many periods of ups and downs.
In the Bronze Age of Georgia history, around the 6th century BC, the Kalkhi civilization emerged, which had strong links with the ancient Greek world. After them, the Achaemenid dynasty, the Persians, the Greeks, the Romans, and the Sassanians all had a significant impact on Georgia throughout history. Moreover, in the fourth century, Christianity reached this country and spread little by little. So, today it has become the official religion of this country.
Georgia history in the Middle Ages
Further, in Georgia history, during the Middle Ages, that is, in the 11th to 13th centuries, the Golden Age was established in Georgia. Also, during this period, Georgia was able to achieve a lot of cultural, artistic and intellectual progress. Most importantly, the Georgian kings were able to free themselves from being dependent on the Seljuk Empire.
In this sense, in 1089 AD, David IV ascended the throne. During his rule, he was able to expel the Seljuks who were present in Georgia for 20 years. David IV was called the builder for the actions he took in this field. After David IV, respectively, Demetrius I, George III, and Queen Tamar ruled Georgia during the Golden Age.
Georgia history in modern times
In Georgia history, this country joined the Soviet Union in 1783 as the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic. Besides, about 20 years later, in 1801, Russia announced that Georgia is one of the governorates under Russian control. Because of this, the tsarist regime was established in this country.
However, we know that economic stagnation and political and cultural repression were characteristic of the Soviet era. This was the reason why Georgia decided to separate and declare independence from Russia at the end of the 20th century, approximately in 1918. Against the Russian Red Army in 1921, invaded Georgia and occupied Georgia for 70 years. Finally, in 1991, during a revolution known as the Rose Revolution, Georgia became officially independent.
Last word
Finally, Georgia history is very rich due to its complexities, ups and downs and numerous defeats and victories. Past events in the history of this country have given it a deep identity and culture. Because Georgia has been the shelter of various nations, powers and empires from prehistoric times to modern times, each of which has played an essential role in the history of the region and the wider world. Today, Georgia is trying to build a stable and successful future. Although the country may still struggle with significant problems, remembering its history gives strength and resilience to its people.